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Inspection Decision Scenarios Investigation Closure Decisions

FDA Inspection Decision Scenario

Who Authorized the Periodic Review Conclusion?

21 CFR 211.180(e)ICH Q10

What FDA investigators are actually asking

FDA Investigator Question

"Who made the determination that this system remained in a state of control, and what evidence supported that conclusion?"

Inspector's Line of Inquiry

When investigators ask this question, they typically follow with:

  • Who reviewed the trend data before the state-of-control conclusion was authorized?
  • What adverse trends were evaluated as part of the review?
  • What regulatory standard governed the state-of-control determination?
  • What findings would have prevented the system from being declared in control?
  • When was the review conclusion formally authorized, and who is the named decision owner?

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The authorization gap this scenario reveals

The investigator is reviewing an annual product review. Trend data is present. The review is marked complete. The investigator asks who authorized the state-of-control conclusion.

Authorization Gap

The periodic review documents data trends and observations. It does not document who evaluated the totality of evidence and made the formal authorization that the system remained in a validated state of control. This is the authorization gap: the decision was made, but it was never documented as an authorization event — with a named decision owner, the evidence reviewed, the regulatory standard applied, and a timestamped record of when the authorization occurred.

What evidence the investigator expects

Organizations operating with authorization infrastructure produce this record at the moment the decision is made.

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These gaps are not documentation failures. They are authorization failures. The Authorization Assessment maps exactly where your decision trail is missing these elements.

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Authorization Assessment

Which of your decisions
have an authorization gap?

The Authorization Assessment identifies where your compliance decisions are undocumented as authorization events — the exact gap inspectors expose in scenarios like this one.

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Inspection Case Files document the authorization gap in detail — showing exactly what a Decision Defense Record resolves and what inspectors expect to see.

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