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Inspection Decision Scenarios Product Disposition Decisions

FDA Inspection Decision Scenario

Who Authorized the Stability Data Acceptance?

21 CFR 211.166ICH Q1A(R2)

What FDA investigators are actually asking

FDA Investigator Question

"Who made the determination that this stability data supported the claimed shelf life, and what was the basis?"

Inspector's Line of Inquiry

When investigators ask this question, they typically follow with:

  • Who reviewed the stability data before the shelf-life determination was authorized?
  • What ICH acceptance criteria were applied to the stability evaluation?
  • What degradation trends were considered before the conclusion was made?
  • What data would have required a shelf-life reduction?
  • When was the stability acceptance authorized, and who is named as the decision owner?

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The authorization gap this scenario reveals

The investigator is reviewing stability records for a product approaching shelf-life limits. Data is present. The investigator asks who made the formal acceptance decision.

Authorization Gap

The stability file contains test results and trend analyses. It does not contain a record of who evaluated the data and made the formal authorization that the results supported the claimed shelf life. This is the authorization gap: the decision was made, but it was never documented as an authorization event — with a named decision owner, the evidence reviewed, the regulatory standard applied, and a timestamped record of when the authorization occurred.

What evidence the investigator expects

Organizations operating with authorization infrastructure produce this record at the moment the decision is made.

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These gaps are not documentation failures. They are authorization failures. The Authorization Assessment maps exactly where your decision trail is missing these elements.

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Authorization Assessment

Which of your decisions
have an authorization gap?

The Authorization Assessment identifies where your compliance decisions are undocumented as authorization events — the exact gap inspectors expose in scenarios like this one.

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Inspection Case Files document the authorization gap in detail — showing exactly what a Decision Defense Record resolves and what inspectors expect to see.

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